Gynecology & Obstetrics

Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (Keyhole Uterus Removal)

Keyhole surgery to remove the uterus when fibroids, heavy bleeding or adenomyosis haven't settled with other treatment, with a shorter stay than open surgery.

Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (Keyhole Uterus Removal) at Prakash Hospital, Gynecology & Obstetrics
Surgery duration
1.5 to 3 hours
Anaesthesia
General
Hospital stay
1 to 2 days
Recovery
Light work in 2 to 4 weeks

Overview

For some women, periods end up running the calendar. You pack spare clothes for work, and the tiredness never lifts because the bleeding keeps pulling your haemoglobin down. For others it's a dragging pelvic ache from fibroids or adenomyosis that tablets only dull.

A laparoscopic hysterectomy removes the uterus (womb) through three or four cuts of about 0.5 to 1 cm in the abdomen. The surgeon works with a thin camera called a laparoscope and long, fine instruments, watching a magnified picture on a screen. The uterus is freed from its ligaments and blood supply and usually taken out through the vagina, along with the cervix. The ovaries can be kept or removed, depending on your age and the reason for surgery.

Afterwards you won't have periods and can't become pregnant, so it's an operation for women who have finished their family or have no safer option. For most, the bleeding stops for good and much of the pain goes with it. Compared with open surgery, the keyhole route usually hurts less and means a stay of a day or two, and most women are back to normal weeks sooner.

In our gynaecology department, fibroids, ovarian cysts and other uterine problems are treated by keyhole surgery in dedicated laparoscopy suites. We'll talk through smaller options with you first, such as myomectomy or a hormonal coil, and suggest a hysterectomy only when it's the right answer for you.

Why it's done

It's usually offered once medicines or smaller procedures have failed or aren't suitable. The common reasons are benign (non-cancerous).

  • Fibroids causing heavy bleeding or pressure on the bladder or bowel
  • Heavy periods causing anaemia that haven't settled with medicines, a hormonal coil or endometrial ablation
  • Adenomyosis, where the lining grows into the muscle wall and causes painful, heavy periods
  • Severe endometriosis once your family is complete
  • Uterine prolapse, usually combined with a repair of the supporting tissues
  • Precancer of the lining (atypical hyperplasia) or some early cancers of the uterus or cervix

Is it right for you?

Usually a good fit

  • Your family is complete and you're sure you don't want more children
  • Fibroids, adenomyosis or heavy bleeding haven't responded to other treatment
  • You're fit for anaesthesia, with diabetes, blood pressure and anaemia under control

May not be suitable

  • You still hope to have children. A myomectomy or medicines may suit you better
  • A very large uterus or dense scarring from earlier surgery, where open or vaginal surgery may be safer
  • An active pelvic or urine infection, until it's treated
  • Serious heart or lung disease that makes gas in the abdomen risky

Types and techniques

Total or assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy

In a total laparoscopic hysterectomy the whole operation is done through the keyhole cuts, and the uterus and cervix are lifted out through the vagina. In a laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy, the last part is finished from below, which can suit a uterus that has already dropped a little.

Keeping or removing the ovaries

Before menopause, healthy ovaries are usually kept because they go on making hormones. Removing them brings on menopause straight away, as our menopause page explains. The tubes are often removed, which may lower the future risk of ovarian cancer.

Leaving the cervix in place

In a subtotal hysterectomy the cervix is kept. You'll still need regular Pap smears, and a few women have light monthly spotting afterwards.

Preparing for surgery

  • Blood tests (haemoglobin, sugar, thyroid, kidney function), an ECG and a pelvic ultrasound
  • A Pap smear if you're due one, and a sample of the lining (endometrial biopsy) if your bleeding has been irregular
  • Iron tablets or an iron drip for a few weeks if you're anaemic
  • Blood thinners such as aspirin, clopidogrel or warfarin are usually stopped 5 to 7 days before, but only on your doctor's advice
  • Keep your sugar well controlled in the weeks before. Diabetes medicines are adjusted on the day
  • No food for about 6 hours before, and clear fluids only until about 2 hours before
  • Help at home for two weeks, so someone else carries water, shopping and anything heavy

The procedure, step by step

  1. 01

    Anaesthesia

    You're asleep under general anaesthesia. A catheter drains your bladder, and a small instrument in the vagina lets the surgeon move the uterus.

  2. 02

    Keyhole cuts and gas

    A small cut near the belly button takes the camera, and the abdomen is filled with carbon dioxide gas to make space. Two or three more small cuts take the instruments.

  3. 03

    Freeing the uterus

    The surgeon seals and divides the ligaments and blood vessels holding the uterus, taking care around the bladder and the ureters (the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys).

  4. 04

    Removing the uterus

    It's usually drawn out through the vagina. A large uterus may be cut into pieces first, inside a protective bag. All the tissue goes to the lab.

  5. 05

    Closing up

    The top of the vagina is stitched, bleeding is checked and the gas is let out. The small cuts are closed with dissolving stitches or skin glue. In all, it takes 1.5 to 3 hours.

Benefits and risks

Benefits

  • An end to heavy periods, and to the anaemia and tiredness they cause
  • Relief from fibroid pressure and from the pain of adenomyosis
  • Small scars, less pain and less blood loss than open surgery
  • A stay of 1 to 2 days, compared with 3 to 5 days after an open hysterectomy
  • No more Pap smears if the cervix was removed for a benign reason and your past results were normal

Possible risks

  • Bleeding, occasionally enough to need a transfusion
  • Infection of the wound, urine or the top of the vagina, usually treated with antibiotics
  • Injury to the bladder, ureter or bowel, roughly 1 in 100 or fewer, sometimes needing repair
  • Conversion to open surgery when keyhole surgery isn't safe
  • Blood clots in the legs or lungs, reduced by walking early and sometimes blood-thinning injections
  • The stitches at the top of the vagina opening up (vault dehiscence), rare and usually linked to sex or straining too soon

Recovery timeline

The outside scars are small, but there's a proper wound inside, at the top of the vagina, so pace yourself even when you feel well.

  1. 01

    Day 0 to 1

    The catheter usually comes out the next morning. Soreness and shoulder-tip pain from leftover gas are common, and walking on the first day eases both.

  2. 02

    Days 2 to 14

    Most women go home after 1 to 2 days. Light bleeding or brownish discharge for a few weeks is normal. Eat enough fibre and drink enough water that you don't strain on the toilet.

  3. 03

    Weeks 2 to 6

    Desk work is usually fine from 2 to 4 weeks. Don't lift more than about 5 kg, which rules out a full bucket of water or a toddler on your hip, and leave floor mopping and squatting chores to someone else for now.

  4. 04

    Weeks 6 to 12

    At follow-up your gynaecologist checks the top of the vagina. Once it has healed, usually by 6 weeks, you can go back to sex, swimming and exercise. Tiredness can linger, especially if you were anaemic before.

When to call your doctor

  • Fever of 38°C (100.4°F) or more, or shivering
  • Vaginal bleeding heavier than a period, or a foul-smelling discharge
  • Pain that gets worse instead of better, or a hard, swollen abdomen
  • Burning or difficulty passing urine, or urine leaking from the vagina
  • Pain or swelling in a calf, sudden breathlessness or chest pain
  • A sudden gush of fluid or a feeling of something bulging from the vagina

Call us on +91-8826000033 or come straight to our 24/7 emergency department.

Alternatives to surgery

Medicines and a hormonal coil

Tranexamic acid, anti-inflammatory painkillers, hormone tablets or a hormone-releasing coil (levonorgestrel intrauterine system) reduce heavy bleeding for many women and keep the uterus.

Smaller procedures

Fibroids can be removed on their own, and those bulging into the cavity can be taken out through the cervix by hysteroscopy. For heavy periods with a normal-shaped uterus, endometrial ablation treats the lining as a day-care procedure.

Waiting for menopause

Fibroids shrink and periods stop at menopause. If you're in your late 40s and your symptoms are manageable, bridging the gap with medicines can be reasonable.

Talk to our Gynecology & Obstetrics team

Ask about your options, the cost and your insurance before you decide. See the insurance and TPA panels we work with.

This page explains Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (Keyhole Uterus Removal) in general terms. Your own plan depends on your health, your test results and your doctor's advice. Please read our medical disclaimer.

Your care team

Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (Keyhole Uterus Removal) is led by our Gynecology & Obstetrics team, with other departments stepping in at each stage of your care.

Gynecology Department
Leads your treatment

Gynecology Department

At Prakash Hospital, our Obstetrics and Gynecology Department provides expert care for women at every life stage — from prenatal care and childbirth to gynecological health and menopause management.

What the department treats

High-Risk Pregnancy Care

Laparoscopic Surgery

PCOS Management

Infertility Treatment

Prenatal and Postnatal Care

Menopause Management

Visit the Gynecology & Obstetrics department

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Frequently Asked Questions

Answers to common questions about Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (Keyhole Uterus Removal) at Prakash Hospital, Noida.

Will I go into menopause after a hysterectomy?

Only if your ovaries are removed as well. If they're kept, they carry on making hormones and you'll reach menopause around the natural age, sometimes a year or two earlier. Without periods, you'll notice it mainly through symptoms such as hot flushes.

Will removing my uterus cure endometriosis?

It helps most with adenomyosis, which sits in the wall of the uterus. Endometriosis patches outside the uterus have to be removed in the same operation, and pain can return if some are left or the ovaries keep making oestrogen.

When can I go back to work and ride my scooter?

Most women return to desk work at 2 to 4 weeks and to physical jobs at about 6. Wait around 4 to 6 weeks before riding a two-wheeler, because kick-starting, holding up the scooter and bumps over speed breakers all strain the healing wound.

Will a hysterectomy change my sex life?

For most women it doesn't, and many find sex better once the pain and bleeding have gone. Wait about 6 weeks, until the top of the vagina has healed. If your ovaries were removed, lubricants or a local oestrogen cream help with dryness.

Is laparoscopic hysterectomy covered by insurance?

Most health policies cover a hysterectomy done for a medical reason such as fibroids or heavy bleeding, though many have a waiting period for certain gynaecological conditions. We offer cashless treatment for gynaecological procedures with most insurers, and you can check yours on our empanelled insurers list.

I have diabetes. Is keyhole surgery safe for me?

Yes, if your sugar is well controlled. High sugar slows healing and raises the risk of infection, so we check your HbA1c first and may adjust your tablets or add insulin around the operation.

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