Realigns and rebuilds a joint damaged by injury, deformity or failed surgery, using your own bone and tissue, so you can keep your natural joint.
Some joints are damaged rather than worn out. A thigh bone that healed crooked after an accident years ago, so the knee now takes weight on one side. A fracture that never joined. A bow-legged knee in a 45-year-old, wearing fast on the inner side while the outer side is still healthy. In each case the aim is to fix the structure of your own joint.
In joint reconstruction surgery, your surgeon rebuilds the bone, cartilage or ligaments of a damaged joint. That can mean cutting and realigning a bone to move weight off the worn part of a joint (an osteotomy), correcting a fracture that healed in the wrong position, grafting bone into a fracture that won't heal, rebuilding ligaments that have left a joint loose, or joining two bones so a painful joint stops moving (a fusion). Many plans combine several of these, measured beforehand on long-leg X-rays and CT scans.
This is different from a total knee replacement or a revision knee replacement, which put in or change artificial parts. Keeping your own joint matters most for younger, active people who might otherwise face several replacements in a lifetime. The trade-off is a longer recovery, because bone and grafts take months to heal.
Our orthopaedics and trauma team treats fractures, deformities and their long-term effects, including corrective surgery in children and adults, and plans your rehabilitation with the physiotherapy team from the start.
Reconstruction is considered when the shape, alignment or stability of the joint is the problem, and the joint is still worth saving.
The bone is cut, its angle changed and the new position held with a plate and screws. In a high tibial osteotomy, the top of the shin bone is realigned to straighten a bow-legged knee, so weight moves from the worn inner side to the healthy outer side. The same approach corrects malunions in the thigh, shin, forearm and ankle.
The ununited fracture is opened, scar tissue cleared, the bone ends freshened and fixed firmly, and bone graft packed in to restart healing. The graft usually comes from your own pelvis.
Loose joints are stabilised with tendon grafts, often together with realigning the bone so the new ligaments aren't overloaded. A small patch of damaged cartilage can be treated by stimulating repair tissue or moving a plug of healthy cartilage and bone from a less loaded part of the joint.
The worn joint surfaces are removed and the bones held together until they grow into one. The joint no longer moves, but the pain from it usually goes. Fusion works well in the ankle, wrist, thumb base and toes.
Spinal or general anaesthesia, often with a nerve block or epidural for pain relief afterwards.
The surgeon opens over the area to be corrected. Old implants from earlier surgery are removed if they're in the way, and samples go to the lab if infection is possible.
Depending on the plan, the bone is cut and realigned, a non-union is freshened and grafted, ligaments are rebuilt, or joint surfaces are prepared for fusion, all checked on live X-ray.
Plates, screws, nails or an external frame hold the correction, and the alignment is confirmed on X-ray.
The wound is closed and the limb goes into a dressing, splint or brace. Operations usually take 2 to 4 hours, and complex ones longer.
Recovery is measured in months. Bone needs time to heal before it takes your full weight, and pushing too early is the most common way a reconstruction fails.
Pain control, the limb raised, and physiotherapy to get you moving on crutches or a walker within your weight limit. Ankle pumps help prevent clots.
The wound is usually healed enough for stitch removal by 2 weeks. You'll usually put little or no weight through the limb, but keep moving the joints you're allowed to move, as stiffness is hard to undo later.
Once X-rays show healing, weight is increased step by step, and physiotherapy rebuilds muscles weakened by the original problem and the surgery.
Most people walk without aids by 3 to 4 months after an osteotomy. Non-unions and fusions can take longer, and full recovery often takes a year.
Call us on +91-8826000033 or come straight to our 24/7 emergency department.
An unloader brace, a shoe insert, strengthening exercises and weight loss can ease symptoms from a mildly misaligned joint and may be enough for less active people.
For older people, or when arthritis affects the whole joint, a partial knee replacement or total replacement usually gives faster, more predictable relief than an osteotomy.
Some old malunions cause little trouble. If the joint isn't painful or wearing out, living with a slight bend can be reasonable.
Talk to our Orthopedics & Joint Replacement team
Ask about your options, the cost and your insurance before you decide. See the insurance and TPA panels we work with.
This page explains Joint Reconstruction Surgery in general terms. Your own plan depends on your health, your test results and your doctor's advice. Please read our medical disclaimer.
Joint Reconstruction Surgery is led by our Orthopedics & Joint Replacement team, with other departments stepping in at each stage of your care.
At Prakash Hospital, our Orthopedics and Traumatology Department offers expert diagnosis, surgical and non-surgical treatments, and rehabilitation for bone, joint, and musculoskeletal injuries.
What the department treats
Total Knee Replacement
Total Hip Replacement
Arthroscopic Surgery
Spine Surgery
Trauma and Fracture Care
Sports Medicine
Plans rehab before surgery and guides you through months of protected walking, joint movement and strengthening.
Does the long-leg X-rays and CT scans that measure the deformity, and the X-rays that track bone healing.
Checks growth, nutrition and conditions such as rickets in children with limb deformities before any correction is planned.
Procedures often considered alongside Joint Reconstruction Surgery, or that treat related conditions.
Realigns broken bones and holds them with plates, screws, rods or frames so they heal in the right position.
Replaces only the worn part of an arthritic knee, keeping the healthy cartilage and ligaments.
Replaces a knee worn out by arthritis with a metal and plastic joint to relieve pain and get you walking again.
Reattaches or rebuilds torn ligaments in the knee, ankle, elbow or thumb to steady an unstable joint.
Replaces a failed knee implant that is loose, worn, infected or unstable with new revision parts.
Other procedures our Orthopedics & Joint Replacement team performs.
Replaces a worn or collapsed hip ball and socket with an artificial joint to end groin pain and restore walking.
Replaces a damaged shoulder ball and socket to relieve arthritis pain and help you use your arm again.
Keyhole surgery using a thin camera to diagnose and repair problems inside the knee or shoulder.
Rebuilds a torn ACL with a tendon graft through keyhole surgery to stop the knee giving way.
Frees a trapped spinal nerve by removing slipped disc or bone, easing sciatica and leg pain.
We offer expert care across key specialties, including Medicine, Cardiology, Orthopaedics, ENT, Gynaecology, and more—delivering trusted treatment under one roof.
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